Length-weight relationship for Potamotrygon wallacei (Carvalho, Rosa and Araújo, 2016) caught in the middle Negro River, Barcelos, Brazilian Amazon / Relação peso-comprimento de Potamotrygon wallacei (Carvalho, Rosa e Araújo, 2016) capturada no médio Rio Negro, Barcelos, Amazônia Brasileira

Abstract This research aimed to estimate the length-weight ratio (LWR) of the stingray Potamotrygon wallacei, known locally as the cururu, which was caught in streams and lakes in the middle Negro River region, Amazonas, Brazil. The stingrays were captured during the night (from 11 pm to 1 am) near the shores of streams and lakes, through active search using wooden canoes, head lanterns and scoop nets. The samplings were carried out in November 2017 (5 days), February (8 days), March (3 days) and April (2 days) of 2018, totaling 18 days of sampling. The total fresh weight was measured to 0.1 g of accuracy and the disc width to 0.1 cm accuracy. The parameters a and b of the equation W=a.DWb were estimated. This study provides new maximum length data for the cururu stingray.

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo estimar a relação peso-comprimento (LWR) da arraia Potamotrygon wallacei, conhecida localmente como cururu, que foi capturada em igarapés e lagos na região do médio Rio Negro, Amazonas, Brasil. As arraias foram capturadas durante a noite (das 23h-1h) nas margens dos igarapés e lagos, por meio de busca ativa utilizando canoas de madeira, lanternas de cabeça e puçás. As coletas foram realizadas nos meses de novembro de 2017 (5 dias), fevereiro (8 dias), março (3 dias) e abril (2 dias) de 2018, totalizando 18 dias de amostragem. Foram medidos o peso fresco total com precisão de 0,01 g e a largura do disco com precisão de 0,1 cm. Os parâmetros a e b da equação W= a.DWb foram estimados. Este estudo prover novos dados de comprimento máximo para a arraia cururu.

Efficacy of the herbal formula of Foeniculum vulgare and Rosa damascena on elderly patients with functional constipation: A double-blind randomized controlled trial / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Constipation is a common chronic bowel disorder with an incidence of more than 50% in the elderly population. Complementary and alternative medicine is a cost-effective and satisfactory treatment for constipation used widely by the elderly.@*OBJECTIVE@#This study evaluates the efficacy of an herbal formula made from Foeniculum vulgare Mill. and Rosa damascena for the treatment of constipation in an elderly population and consequent changes to their quality of life.@*DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION@#This double-blind randomized active controlled clinical trial, with parallel group allocation ratio of 1:1, was conducted in a referral clinic in Afzalipour Hospital, affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Kerman, Southeastern Iran. Individuals over 60 years of age, diagnosed with functional constipation (based on the Rome IV criteria), were included in this study. Participants received a sachet of 10 g F. vulgare and R. damascena (herbal formula group) or polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000 group) with a glass of warm water two times a day for 4 weeks and were followed up for 4 additional weeks.@*MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES@#Constipation severity, stool consistency, and the quality of life were used as the primary outcomes. Drug side effects were used as a secondary outcome. The outcomes were assessed using the Constipation Assessment Scale, the Bristol Stool Form Scale, and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire.@*RESULTS@#A total of 25 participants in each group completed the four-week treatment cycle and the eight-week follow-up. At the end of the four-week treatment cycle, all clinical outcomes had significant improvements in both groups (P < 0.05). The analysis of constipation severity (P < 0.001), stool consistency (P < 0.001), and the quality of life (P < 0.001) showed significant improvements with fewer side effects (mild diarrhea) and a longer duration of symptom relief in the herbal formula group compared to the PEG 4000 group.@*CONCLUSION@#Although both interventions significantly improved the treatment outcomes, constipation severity, stool consistency and the quality of life were improved more effectively by the herbal formula than by PEG 4000; however, the mechanism of action is not yet understood.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#This trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCTID: IRCT20200108046056N1).

Antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. red flower against antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and identification of the flower constituents

Utilization of plant resources for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections is one of the appealing approaches as rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is occurring throughout the world. Ethanol extract and its fractions from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis red flower were assessed for antibacterial and urease inhibitory activities towards forty-three clinical strains and two reference strains of H. pylori. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most potent bacteriostatic activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.2-0.25 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 1.25-1.5 mg/mL against all test strains, including forty-three strains resistant to one to four antibiotics, azithromycin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), erythromycin (MICs, 8-128 µg/mL), levofloxacin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), and/or metronidazole (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL). The fraction had similar antibacterial activities toward these test strains suggesting the preparation and the antibiotics do not have a common mechanism of anti-H. pylori activity. The fraction also had stronger effects on biofilm formation, morphological conversion, and urease activity of H. pylori than the other fractions and the ethanol extract. These flower preparations were non-toxic to three human cell lines, and nine compounds were also isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction. In vivo research needs to be conducted to confirm the potential usefulness of H. rosa-sinensis flower and its constituents for effective prevention and treatment of H. pylori disease.

Study on protective effect of total flavonoids from Rosa multiflora on HUVEC induced by ox-LDL / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to study the protective effect of total flavonoids from Rosa multiflora(TF-RM) on the injury of HUVEC induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL). SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, simvastatin group(1.8 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and TF-RM group(2.5 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)), with 10 rats in each group. They were intragastrically administered with drugs for 7 days, and then blood was collected from the abdominal aorta to prepare drug-containing serum. The HUVEC injury model was established through ox-LDL induction, and added with 15% simvastatin, 5% TF-RM, 10% TF-RM, 15% TF-RM drug-containing serum and blank serum, respectively. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) was determined by flow cytometry. Nitric oxide(NO) content was determined by nitrate reductase method. The contents of ET-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. The expression of Lox-1 protein was determined by Western blot. Compared with the blank group, ROS level in HUVEC and the contents of ET-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and IL-1β in HUVEC were significantly increased(P<0.05), NO decreased significantly(P<0.01),Lox-1 protein expression increased significantly(P<0.05), and TNF-α and IL-6 showed an increasing trend. Compared with the model group, TF-RM significantly reduced ROS level in HUVEC and ET-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-1β content in supernatant(P<0.05), significantly increased NO content(P<0.01), and inhibited Lox-1 protein expression(P<0.05). VCAM-1, IL-6 contents showed a decreasing trend. Serum containing TF-RM acts on lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptors, and exerts a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells by reducing cell oxidative damage, regulating vasoactive substances, and reducing adhesion molecules and inflammatory cascades.

Inhibitory Effect of Rosae Multiflorae Fructus Extracts on the Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand-Induced Osteoclastogenesis through Modulation of P38- and Ca2⁺-Mediated Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells Cytoplasmic 1 Expression

BACKGROUND: Rosae Multiflorae fructus (RMF), known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, has been used as a traditional remedy for inflammatory diseases such as arthritis in Eastern Asia. However, its effect on osteoclasts, which play a crucial role in resorptive inflammatory bone diseases, is yet to be elucidated.METHODS: The effect of extract of RMF (RMF-E) on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis was examined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. In addition, RANKL-induced Ca2⁺-oscillation was also investigated.RESULTS: RMF-E remarkably inhibited TRAP+-osteoclast and resorptive pit formation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic, known as pivotal transcription factors for osteoclast formation in vitro and in vivo, and that of the osteoclast differentiation markers such as Acp5, Oscar, CtsK, Atp6v0d2, Tm7sf4, and Nfatc1 were significantly decreased by RMF-E treatment during osteoclastogenesis. The inhibitory effect of RMF-E on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis was caused by the suppression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, and RANKL-induced Ca2⁺-oscillation removal via inactivation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), and subsequently phospholipase C-γ2.CONCLUSIONS: RMF-E negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and formation. These findings suggest the possibility of RMF-E as a traditional therapeutic agent against osteoclast-related bone disorders such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis.

Rosa mosqueta como potencial agente cicatrizante / Rosa mosqueta como agente curativo potencial / Rosehip as a potential healing agent

RESUMO Introdução: O óleo extraído das sementes da Rosa Mosqueta (Rosa aff rubiginosa ou Rosa canina L.) é rico em ácidos graxos insaturados e ácido transretinóico cujas propriedades têm despertado o interesse desse insumo no processo de cicatrização. Objetivo: Realizar um levantamento de estudos sobre a aplicação tópica do óleo de Rosa Mosqueta para cicatrização de feridas. Métodos: A busca foi realizada em bases de dados eletrônicas entre julho e setembro de 2015 por meio dos descritores "Rosa Mosqueta", "wound", "Rosa aff rubiginosa", "healing" ou "Rosa canina", sendo incluídos artigos originais e de revisão. Foram encontradas 7 publicações, sendo uma revisão de literatura, três estudos experimentais não clínicos, um estudo clínico de delineamento não-experimental, um estudo com delineamento quase-experimental e outro com delineamento experimental, porém de baixa qualidade metodológica. Conclusões: Estudos indicam que em lesões de cicatrização por primeira intenção, o óleo deve ser utilizado após 48 h do procedimento. O óleo refinado é mais estável que o óleo bruto e apresenta efeitos terapêuticos mesmo em baixa concentração. No entanto, os estudos clínicos possuem vieses metodológicos que reduzem o nível de evidência e não são suficientes para uma recomendação. Já os estudos não clínicos mostram que o óleo de Rosa Mosqueta pode ter atividade imunomodulatória no leito da ferida e favorecer a deposição de colágeno e organização tecidual(AU)

RESUMEN Introducción: el aceite extraído de las semillas de Rosa mosqueta (Rosa aff rubiginosa ou Rosa canina L.) presenta en su composición ácidos grasos esenciales y ácido transretinoico, cuyas propiedades han atraído el interés de aplicación de este insumo en el proceso de cicatrización de la piel. Objetivo: llevar a cabo un estudio de encuesta sobre la aplicación tópica de este aceite. Métodos: la investigación se desarrolló en las bases de datos electrónicas entre los meses de julio y septiembre de 2015 com las seguintes palabras clave: "Rosa Mosqueta", "wound", "Rosa aff rubiginosa", "healing" ou "Rosa canina" que incluyó artículos originales y de revisión sin. Fueron obtenidos siete artículos: un artículo de revisión, tres estudios experimentales no clínicos, un estudio clínico de diseño no experimental, un estudio de diseño casi-experimental y otro con el diseño experimental, pero todos ellos con baja calidad metodológica. Conclusiones: los trabajos evaluados indicaron que para la cicatrización de la herida por primera intención, el aceite debe ser utilizado después de 48 horas del procedimiento. El producto refinado es más estable que el crudo y tiene efectos terapéuticos incluso en baja concentración. Sin embargo, los estudios clínicos tienen sesgos metodológicos que reducen el nivel de evidencia, y no son suficientes para una recomendación terapéutica. Los estudios no clínicos mostraron que el aceite de Rosa mosqueta puede tener actividad inmunomoduladora en el lecho de la herida y promover la deposición de colágeno y organización del tejido(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: The oil extracted of Rose hip' seeds (Rosa aff rubiginosa or Rosa canina L.) is rich in fatty acids and transretinoic acid whose properties have attracted the interest this input in the healing process. Objective: To conduct a survey of studies on topical application of rosehip oil for wound healing. Methods: The search was conducted on electronic databases between july and September 2015 using the following descriptors: "Rosa Mosqueta", "wound", "Rosa aff rubiginosa", "healing" ou "Rosa canina", which included original and review articles. We found 7 publications: one literature review, three non-clinical experimental studies, one clinical study of non-experimental design, one study of quasi-experimental design and the other with experimental design, but low methodological quality. Conclusions: The studies show that in healing by first intention, the oil must be used 48h after the procedure. The refined oil is more stable than the crude oil and maintain therapeutic effects even at lower concentrations. However, clinical studies contain methodological bias to reduce the level of evidence and are not sufficient for appropriate recommendation. The non-clinical studies show that rosehip oil may have immunomodulatory activity in wound bed and promotes collagen deposition and tissue organization(AU)

A new isoflavone derivative from Rosa Damascena and its antibacterial activity / 中国中药杂志

A new isoflavone derivative was isolated from Rosa damascena by using various chromatographic techniques including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative RP-HPLC separation. Its structure was identified as 4'-hydroxy-7-(3-hydroxypropanoyl)-6-methoxy-isoflavone using combined examinations of their UV, IR, MS, and NMR spectroscopic data. Biological activity test showed that this compound showed prominent antibacterial activity with MIC₉₀ value of (46±4) mg·L⁻¹ for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strain. This value is close to that of levofloxacin [with MIC₉₀ value (53±5) mg·L⁻¹].

Comparison of Biological Activities of Korean Halophytes

Halophytes are expected to possess abundant secondary metabolites and various biological activities because of habitat in extreme environments. In this study, we collected 14 halophytes (Asparagus oligoclonos, Calystegia soldanella, Carex pumila, Chenopodium glaucum, Elymus mollis, Glehnia littoralis, Limonium tetragonum, Messerschmidia sibirica, Rosa rugosa, Salsola komarovii, Spergularia marina, Suaeda glauca, Suaeda maritima, and Vitex rotundifolia) native to Korea and compared their total polyphenol contents, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The total polyphenol contents of R. rugosa (27.28%) and L. tetragonum (13.17%) were significantly higher than those of the other 12 halophytes and L. tetragonum, R. rugosa, and M. sibirica showed significantly greater antioxidant activities than the other 11 halophytes, as determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). A. oligoclonos, E. mollis, and C. pumila showed significantly greater anti-inflammatory activities than the other 11, as determined by NO (Nitric oxide) and PGE₂ (Prostaglandin E₂) levels. In contrast, these three extracts had normal and low total polyphenol contents among the 14 halophytes. Consequently, the total polyphenol content in the 14 studied halophytes appeared to be related to antioxidant, but not anti-inflammatory activity levels.

A dozen years, a dozen roses

@#<p style="text-align: justify;">Twelve years have passed since my first editorial for the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, on the occasion of the silver anniversary of our journal and the golden anniversary of the Philippine Society of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (PSO-HNS).1 Special editorials have similarly marked our thirtieth (pearl)2 and thirty-fifth (coral or jade)3 journal anniversaries, punctuating editorials on a variety of themes in between. Whether they were a commentary on issues and events in the PSO-HNS or Philippine Society, or on matters pertaining to medical research and writing, publication and peer review, I have often wondered whether my words fell on deaf ears. But write, must I-- despite my writer's doubt.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">What then, do a dozen years symbolize? As a baby boomer, I am all too familiar with what "cheaper by the dozen" meant in daily life, outwardly displayed in the matching attire my siblings and I wore on special occasions -- such as Yuletide when we would sing the carol "twelve days of Christmas."4 We read the comedy "Twelfth Night"5 in school, although I admittedly enjoyed "The Dirty Dozen"6 more than Shakespeare. College ROTC introduced me to the "Daily Dozen" and the grueling Navy count- 1,2,3, ONE! One, two, three, TWO! (One, two, three, four! I love the Marine Corps!) And that is as far as my list of memorable dozens goes, covering five dozen years of life.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Of these, one fifth or 20% of my life has been devoted to our journal. From that perspective, I cannot help but wonder whether, or how it mattered. After 12 years, the day-to-day routine has hardly changed; neither have the periodic problems that precede the birth of each issue. I still find it difficult to solicit and follow-up reviews, and I still burn the midnight oil on weekends and holidays, patiently guiding authors in revising their manuscripts. Nevertheless, our journal has come a long way from where it was when we started (although it has not reached as far and as quickly as I would have wanted it to). Much depends on our authors and the caliber of their contributions, and our reviewers and the quality and timeliness of their reviews. However, despite our efforts to conduct education and training sessions on Medical Writing and Peer Review, the new batch of submissions and reviews each year evinces the need to repeat these regularly. In this regard, the increasing response-ability of our associate editors and continuing support of our society are needed to ensure our progress.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">This year, we welcome Dr. Eris Llanes as our new Managing Editor as we thank and congratulate Dr. Tony Chua (who retains his position as Associate Editor) for serving in that role for the past 12 years. We have finally migrated from our previous platform to the Public Knowledge Platform - Open Journal Systems (PKP-OJS) available from https://pjohns.pso-hns.org/index.php/pjohns/index. The PSO-HNS has become a member of the Publishers International Linking Association (PILA), which manages and maintains, deposits and retrieves, Metadata and Digital Identifiers inclusive of associated software and know-how. This will enable us to register Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for all our content using the Crossref® system (https://www.crossref.org/about/), making our "research outputs easy to find, cite, link, and assess."7 We are also subscribing to the Crossref® Similarity Check plagiarism detection software service powered by iThenticate® (https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/)7 and are exploring ways and means of converting all our articles to eXtensible Markup Language (XML) format. These steps reflect our continuing efforts to comply with the requirements for indexing in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)8 and our re-application for indexing in Scopus®.9 These steps would not have been possible without the full support of the PSO-HNS Board of Trustees under the leadership of our President, Dr. Aggie Remulla, for which we are truly grateful.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Indeed, the past 12 years may represent a complete cycle (such as 12 hours on a clock, or months in a year, or 12 signs of the zodiac), the first steps in the rebirth of our journal. Although they may not count among the "memorable dozens" of my life, each of these years may be likened to a rose (with its attendant thorns) - a bouquet of a dozen roses that I offer to all of you.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"for there's no rose without a thorn,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">no night without the morn,</p><p style="text-align: justify;">no gain without some meaningful loss ..."10</p>

Blue Toe Syndrome due to Mobile Atheromatous Aorto-iliac Plaque Treated Successfully by Endovascular Aortic Repair

Blue toe syndrome is characterized by tissue ischemia secondary to cholesterol crystal or atherothrombotic embolization. It leads to the occlusion of small vessels. The treatment option is usually surgery for most causes of blue toe syndrome. However, endovascular aortic repair by aorto-iliac stent graft become more and more popular because of its effectiveness and its less invasive characteristic. We present a 57-year-old man who suffered from blue toes syndrome on both legs caused by embolizing aorto-iliac lesions. Successful Endurant stent graft (Medtronic Vascular, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) was performed on infrarenal abdominal aorta and on proximal portion of right and left common iliac artery.

Formulation of a traditionally used polyherbal product for burn healing and HPTLC fingerprinting of its phenolic contents

Nowadays, plants have been considered as powerful agents for treatment of disorders regarding to their traditional use. In Iranian Traditional Medicine [ITM], plants have a special role in the treatment of various diseases. Burns with their devastating outcomes have been discussed in ITM as well. In the present study, a polyherbal ointment [PHO], retrieved from ITM, was formulated for burn healing and it's HPTLC fingerprint was prepared. Aqueous extracts of Malva sylvestris and Solanum nigrum leaves and oily extract of Rosa damascene petals [4.85%, 4.85% and 33%, respectively] were added to white beeswax, eucerin and white petrolatum as ointment base. In addition to the microbiological tests, physical stability and rheological behavior of the product were assessed. Fingerprinting of phytochemical constituents of PHO was performed by using silica gel plates and toluene: ethyl acetate: acetic acid [60: 40: 1] and ethyl acetate: formic acid: acetic acid: water [100: 11: 11: 10] as mobile phases. The results showed that PHO was stable towards physical changes and successfully passed microbiological tests. Moreover, PHO exhibited plastic behavior which is in favor of a topical burn product. In addition, HPTLC fingerprinting of PHO demonstrated the presence of several phenolic constituents corresponding to the plant extracts. Regarding to the role of phenolic compounds in wound healing process, PHO could be an appropriate candidate for burn healing with respect to its traditional use in ITM. Moreover, HPTLC fingerprinting could be utilized as an applicable method for quality control of the prepared formulation

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Rosa rugosa Flower Extract in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages

Rosa rugosa Thunb, a deciduous shrub of the genus Rosa, has been widely used to treat stomach aches, diarrhoea, pain, and chronic inflammatory disease in eastern Asia. In recent years, our research team has extensively studied the Rosa rugosa flower extract, and specifically undertook pharmacological experiments which have optimized the extraction process. Our methods have yielded a standard extract enriched in phenolic compounds, named PRE. Herein, we expand our efforts and evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of PRE on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. PRE significantly inhibited production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6, and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), as well as expression of their synthesizing enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2). Furthermore, PRE inhibited activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) as well as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Our findings are the first to explain the anti-inflammatory mechanism by PRE in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Given these results, we propose that PRE has therapeutic potential in the prevention of inflammatory disorders.

Antimicrobial activities of three medicinal plants and investigation of flavonoids of Tripleurospermum disciforme

Rosa damascena, Tripleurospermum disciforme and Securigera securidaca were used as disinfectant agents and for treatment of some disease in folk medicine of Iran. The antimicrobial effects of different fractions of seeds extract of S. securidaca, petals extract of R. damascena and aerial parts extract of T. disciforme were examined against some gram positive, gram negative and fungi by cup plate diffusion method. The petroleum ether and chloroform fractions of S. securidaca showed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while its methanol fraction had no antibacterial effects. R. damascena petals extract demonstrated antibacterial activities against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. T. disciforme aerial parts extract exhibited antimicrobial effects only against S. aureus and S. epidermidis. None of the fractions had any antifungal activities. Therefore, present study confirmed utility of these plants as disinfectant agents. Six flavonoids were isolated from T. disciforme: Luteolin, Quercetin-7-O-glucoside, Kaempferol, Kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, Apigenin and Apigenin-7-O-glucoside. The flavonoids and the antimicrobial activity of T. disciforme are reported for the first time

Phenylpropanoids and phenylethanol from flowers of Rosa rugosa / 中国中药杂志

A new phenylpropanoid (1), together with seven known ones (2-8), has been isolated from the flowers of Rosa rugosa collected from Shanxi province by using various chromatographic techniques. Compound 1 is a new compound, and it displayed cytotoxicity against NB4, SH-SY5Y, PC3, A549 and MCF7 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 8.2, 6.2, 4.3, 2.8, and 9.6 µmol · L⁻¹ respectively.

Wound Healing Effects of Rose Placenta in a Mouse Model of Full-Thickness Wounds

BACKGROUND: Rosa damascena, a type of herb, has been used for wound healing in Eastern folk medicine. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rose placenta from R. damascena in a full-thickness wound model in mice. METHODS: Sixty six-week-old C57BL/6N mice were used. Full-thickness wounds were made with an 8-mm diameter punch. Two wounds were made on each side of the back, and wounds were assigned randomly to the control and experimental groups. Rose placenta (250 microg) was injected in the experimental group, and normal saline was injected in the control group. Wound sizes were measured with digital photography, and specimens were harvested. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and CD31. Vessel density was measured. Quantitative analysis using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for EGF was performed. All evaluations were performed on postoperative days 0, 2, 4, 7, and 10. Statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test. RESULTS: On days 4, 7, and 10, the wounds treated with rose placenta were significantly smaller. On day 2, VEGF and EGF expression increased in the experimental group. On days 7 and 10, TGF-beta1 expression decreased in the experimental group. On day 10, vessel density increased in the experimental group. The increase in EGF on day 2 was confirmed with ELISA. CONCLUSIONS: Rose placenta was found to be associated with improved wound healing in a mouse full-thickness wound model via increased EGF release. Rose placenta may potentially be a novel drug candidate for enhancing wound healing.

Refractory seizures in children

Epilepsy is described as a heterogeneous clinical syndrome results from various cerebral destructions. It is categorized to partial and generalized forms. Degree of neural system impairment and affected area determine the severity and pattern of symptoms. Patients might experience sensory, motor, or both signs and symptoms. About 60% of epileptic patients suffer from partial type. It is estimated that up to 30% of epilepsy cases would not be controlled adequately despite sufficient and proper management. Anacyclus pyrethrum, Citrus aurantium var. amara, Paeonia officinalis, Rosa Damascena and Nigella Sativa are some of herbal drugs which have antiepileptic effect. Natural agents are valuable sources to treat chronic diseases and a huge number of world's population believe herbs are effective and safe for daily primary health care needs. There is not enough evidence about their efficacy and safety obtained from randomized control trials

R. damascena [Rose] is an important drug in unani medicine uses in various ailments since centuries a review

The Rose has given rise to innumerable solar myths both in the east and in the West, one of the prettiest being the well-known story of Gul-i-Bakawli. Dioscorides mentions the astringent properties of rose petals, the use of their ash as a collyrium. The whole plant flower buds, petals, stamens are used for different ailments in Unani System of Medicine since centuries.The Rose water has been considered as mildly astringent, carminative, and refrigerant cardiac tonic and the flowers considered as tonic, laxative, expectorant cardiotonic, good for the eyes, headache, toothache, stomatitis; benefits the lungs, the kidneys, the liver; used in heat of body, chronic fevers inflammation, intestinal affections; excessive perspiration; astringent when dry, strengthening, astringent expectorant; slightly laxative, promotes wounds healing, and scar formation, hemostatic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory, anti viral and anti bacterial, sedative, strengthens nerves, aphrodisiac, brain and heart tonic, mufarreh for brain and heart tonic

Triterpene constituents from Rosa cymosa Tratt / 中国中药杂志

The constituents in 95% ethanol extract of the root of Rosa cymosa Tratt were purified by column chromatography techniques, leading to isolation of eleven triterpenes. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data as pomolic acid (1), fupenzic acid (2), ursolic acid (3), euscaphic acid (4), arjunic acid (5), tomentic acid (6), 3β-E-feruloyl corosolic acid (7), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid (8), myrianthic acid (9), cecropiacic acid (10), and ilexoside B (11). Among them, compounds 3, 6-8, 10 and 11 were obtained from this plant for the first time, and compounds 7 and 10 were obtained from this genus for the first time.

Clinical Evaluation of a New-Formula Shampoo for Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis Containing Extract of Rosa centifolia Petals and Epigallocatechin Gallate: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Study

BACKGROUND: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic type of inflammatory dermatosis that is associated with sebum secretion and proliferation of Malassezia species. Ketoconazole or zinc-pyrithione shampoos are common treatments for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. However, shampoos comprising different compounds are required to provide patients with a wider range of treatment options. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate a new-formula shampoo that contains natural ingredients-including extract of Rosa centifolia petals and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-that exert antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and sebum secretion inhibitory effects, and antifungal agents for the treatment of scalp seborrheic dermatitis. METHODS: Seventy-five patients were randomized into three treatment groups; new-formula shampoo, 2% ketoconazole shampoo, and 1% zinc- pyrithione shampoo. The clinical severity scores and sebum levels were assessed by the same dermatologists at baseline (week 0), and at 2 and 4 weeks after using the shampoo. User satisfaction and irritation were also assessed with the aid of a questionnaire. RESULTS: The efficacy of the new-formula shampoo was comparable to that of both the 1% zinc-pyrithione shampoo and the 2% ketoconazole shampoo. Furthermore, it was found to provide a more rapid response than the 1% zinc-pyrithione shampoo for mild erythema lesions and was associated with greater user satisfaction compared with the 2% ketoconazole shampoo. However, the new-formula shampoo did not exhibit the previously reported sebum inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION: Extract of R. centifolia petals or EGCG could be useful ingredients in the treatment of scalp seborrheic dermatitis.